AMD Ryzen 5 3600 6-Core: Hashcat speed in 22000 mode (WPA2): 15000-20000 keys per second. Slow!
RTX4000 Ada on Linode (350 USD per month). (The videocard may cost ~2k USD in 2025.) Hashcat speed in 22000 mode (WPA2): 758.1 kH/s. And when taking passwords from stdin, slower: 507.5 kH/s.
The cost of second (given 350 USD per month): 1.350309e-04 USD.
Time: m - minutes, d - days. Cost in USD: k - 10**3, M - 10**6, B - 10**9.
Given Hashcat speed: 758 kH/s:
| total | chars | total pws | total pws | time on Ada (s) | time on Ada | cost | |-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------------+-----------| | 8 | 0-9 | 10**8 | 1.000e+08 | 1.319e+02 | 2m | ~2 cents | | 8 | a-z | 26**8 | 2.088e+11 | 2.754e+05 | 3d | 37 | | 8 | a-z0-9 | (26+10)**8 | 2.821e+12 | 3.721e+06 | ~1.5 months | 502 | | 8 | a-zA-Z0-9 | (26+26+10)**8 | 2.183e+14 | 2.879e+08 | ~9 years | ~38k | | 8 | all printable | 96**8 | 7.213e+15 | 9.515e+09 | ~305 years | ~1.2M | | 9 | 0-9 | 10**9 | 1.000e+09 | 1.319e+03 | 21m | ~17 cents | | 9 | a-z | 26**9 | 5.429e+12 | 7.162e+06 | ~3 months | 967 | | 9 | a-z0-9 | (26+10)**9 | 1.015e+14 | 1.339e+08 | ~4 years | ~18k | | 9 | a-zA-Z0-9 | (26+26+10)**9 | 1.353e+16 | 1.784e+10 | ~573 years | ~2.4M | | 9 | all printable | 96**9 | 6.925e+17 | 9.135e+11 | 29369 years | ~123M | | 10 | 0-9 | 10**10 | 1.000e+10 | 1.319e+04 | ~3h | ~2 | | 10 | a-z | 26**10 | 1.411e+14 | 1.861e+08 | 6 years | ~25k | | 10 | a-z0-9 | (26+10)**10 | 3.656e+15 | 4.823e+09 | 155 years | ~651k | | 10 | a-zA-Z0-9 | (26+26+10)**10 | 8.392e+17 | 1.107e+12 | 35590 years | ~149M | | 10 | all printable | 96**10 | 6.648e+19 | 8.770e+13 | 2819573 years | ~11B |
Sorted by cost:
| total | chars | total pws | total pws | time on Ada (s) | time on Ada | cost | |-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------------+-----------| | 8 | 0-9 | 10**8 | 1.000e+08 | 1.319e+02 | 2m | ~2 cents | | 9 | 0-9 | 10**9 | 1.000e+09 | 1.319e+03 | 21m | ~17 cents | | 10 | 0-9 | 10**10 | 1.000e+10 | 1.319e+04 | ~3h | ~2 | | 8 | a-z | 26**8 | 2.088e+11 | 2.754e+05 | 3d | 37 | | 8 | a-z0-9 | (26+10)**8 | 2.821e+12 | 3.721e+06 | ~1.5 months | 502 | | 9 | a-z | 26**9 | 5.429e+12 | 7.162e+06 | ~3 months | 967 | | 9 | a-z0-9 | (26+10)**9 | 1.015e+14 | 1.339e+08 | ~4 years | ~18k | | 10 | a-z | 26**10 | 1.411e+14 | 1.861e+08 | 6 years | ~25k | | 8 | a-zA-Z0-9 | (26+26+10)**8 | 2.183e+14 | 2.879e+08 | ~9 years | ~38k | | 10 | a-z0-9 | (26+10)**10 | 3.656e+15 | 4.823e+09 | 155 years | ~651k | | 8 | all printable | 96**8 | 7.213e+15 | 9.515e+09 | ~305 years | ~1.2M | | 9 | a-zA-Z0-9 | (26+26+10)**9 | 1.353e+16 | 1.784e+10 | ~573 years | ~2.4M | | 9 | all printable | 96**9 | 6.925e+17 | 9.135e+11 | 29369 years | ~123M | | 10 | a-zA-Z0-9 | (26+26+10)**10 | 8.392e+17 | 1.107e+12 | 35590 years | ~149M | | 10 | all printable | 96**10 | 6.648e+19 | 8.770e+13 | 2819573 years | ~11B |
Yes, you can buy/rent much more expensive videocard(s), and the speed would be (much) faster. But the cost would not be differ significantly.
Realistically, only short passwords consisting of 0-9 or a-z or A-Z can be cracked practically. Or passwords based on dicionary attack, of course: 1, 2.